See boun in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bounen"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"obsolete boun"
],
"word": "bound"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "boun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "boun"
}
],
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},
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},
{
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{
"args": {
"1": "non-oen",
"2": "*bóinn"
},
"expansion": "Old East Norse *bóinn",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old Norse búinn, past participle of búa (“to prepare”). Forms with /oː/ are from Old East Norse *bóinn.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bon",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "bone",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "boyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "boune",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "bownde",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "bowne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "bownn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "bun",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
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"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{comp2}}}",
"9": "",
"f3l": "",
"f5l": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "boun",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "boun",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 19 19 15 18 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with etymon",
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},
{
"_dis": "22 21 21 14 11 9 3",
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{
"_dis": "23 22 22 19 1 13",
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{
"_dis": "23 22 22 19 1 13",
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},
{
"_dis": "20 19 19 22 3 17 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
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},
{
"_dis": "23 22 22 18 1 13 0",
"kind": "other",
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"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
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79,
84
]
],
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[
80,
88
]
],
"english": "To this they'd all assented, / and made their men make themselves ready / to be prepared again that day / in the best way that they're able to.",
"ref": "c. 1375, “Book XI”, in Iohne Barbour, De geſtis bellis et uirtutibus domini Roberti de Brwyß […] (The Brus, Advocates MS. 19.2.2), Ouchtirmunsye: Iohannes Ramsay, published 1489, folio 37, verso, lines 69-73; republished at Edinburgh: National Library of Scotland, c. 2010:",
"text": "To ϸis ϸai all aſſentyt ar / And bad ϸ[air] men all mak ϸai[m] ȝar / For to be boune agayne ϸ[at] day / On ϸe beſt wiß ϸ[at] eu[ir] ϸai may",
"translation": "To this they'd all assented, / and made their men make themselves ready / to be prepared again that day / in the best way that they're able to.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Ready, prepared, organised"
],
"id": "en-boun-enm-adj-CDby9Rs8",
"links": [
[
"Ready",
"ready"
],
[
"prepared",
"prepared"
],
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"organised",
"organised"
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],
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"Ready, prepared, organised:"
]
},
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{
"_dis": "23 22 22 18 1 13 0",
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"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Human behaviour",
"orig": "enm:Human behaviour",
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}
],
"glosses": [
"Ready, prepared, organised:",
"Motivated, raring, eager."
],
"id": "en-boun-enm-adj-xDhHE~Z2",
"links": [
[
"Ready",
"ready"
],
[
"prepared",
"prepared"
],
[
"organised",
"organised"
],
[
"Motivated",
"motivated"
],
[
"raring",
"raring"
],
[
"eager",
"eager"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 19 19 15 18 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with etymon",
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},
{
"_dis": "22 21 21 14 11 9 3",
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},
{
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"_dis": "23 22 22 19 1 13",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 19 19 22 3 17 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
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"orig": "enm:Emotions",
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},
{
"_dis": "23 22 22 18 1 13 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Human behaviour",
"orig": "enm:Human behaviour",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Ready, prepared, organised:",
"Loyal, subservient, compliant."
],
"id": "en-boun-enm-adj-IulMywr-",
"links": [
[
"Ready",
"ready"
],
[
"prepared",
"prepared"
],
[
"organised",
"organised"
],
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"Loyal",
"loyal"
],
[
"subservient",
"subservient"
],
[
"compliant",
"compliant"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 19 19 15 18 10",
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},
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},
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"_dis": "23 22 22 18 1 13 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Human behaviour",
"orig": "enm:Human behaviour",
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}
],
"glosses": [
"Bound, going or ready to go."
],
"id": "en-boun-enm-adj-FQRtGJh~",
"links": [
[
"Bound",
"bound"
],
[
"going",
"going"
],
[
"ready",
"ready"
],
[
"go",
"go"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 19 19 15 18 10",
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"_dis": "22 21 21 14 11 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"On the brink of; about to."
],
"id": "en-boun-enm-adj-GTHiE4GT",
"links": [
[
"On",
"on"
],
[
"brink",
"brink"
],
[
"about",
"about"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) On the brink of; about to."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 22 22 19 1 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
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{
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"kind": "other",
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},
{
"_dis": "20 19 19 22 3 17 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 22 22 18 1 13 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Human behaviour",
"orig": "enm:Human behaviour",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Close by, adjacent."
],
"id": "en-boun-enm-adj-z3YbCnqT",
"links": [
[
"Close",
"close"
],
[
"by",
"by"
],
[
"adjacent",
"adjacent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Close by, adjacent."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/buːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/boːn/",
"tags": [
"uncommon"
]
}
],
"word": "boun"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"var": "1"
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"expansion": "boun",
"name": "head"
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],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "bounen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of bounen"
],
"id": "en-boun-enm-verb-FhDB9ZEi",
"links": [
[
"bounen",
"bounen#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "boun"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with etymon",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms derived from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰuH-",
"Middle English variant lemmas",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Human behaviour"
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"derived": [
{
"word": "bounen"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"obsolete boun"
],
"word": "bound"
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{
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"lang": "Scots",
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}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
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}
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"2": ":bor",
"3": "non:búa<alt:búinn>"
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"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "non",
"3": "búinn"
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "non-oen",
"2": "*bóinn"
},
"expansion": "Old East Norse *bóinn",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old Norse búinn, past participle of búa (“to prepare”). Forms with /oː/ are from Old East Norse *bóinn.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bon",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "bone",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "boyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "boune",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "bownde",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "bowne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "bownn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
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{
"form": "bun",
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"alternative"
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"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{comp2}}}",
"9": "",
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"expansion": "boun",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "boun",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
79,
84
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
80,
88
]
],
"english": "To this they'd all assented, / and made their men make themselves ready / to be prepared again that day / in the best way that they're able to.",
"ref": "c. 1375, “Book XI”, in Iohne Barbour, De geſtis bellis et uirtutibus domini Roberti de Brwyß […] (The Brus, Advocates MS. 19.2.2), Ouchtirmunsye: Iohannes Ramsay, published 1489, folio 37, verso, lines 69-73; republished at Edinburgh: National Library of Scotland, c. 2010:",
"text": "To ϸis ϸai all aſſentyt ar / And bad ϸ[air] men all mak ϸai[m] ȝar / For to be boune agayne ϸ[at] day / On ϸe beſt wiß ϸ[at] eu[ir] ϸai may",
"translation": "To this they'd all assented, / and made their men make themselves ready / to be prepared again that day / in the best way that they're able to.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Ready, prepared, organised"
],
"links": [
[
"Ready",
"ready"
],
[
"prepared",
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],
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"organised"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Ready, prepared, organised:"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Ready, prepared, organised:",
"Motivated, raring, eager."
],
"links": [
[
"Ready",
"ready"
],
[
"prepared",
"prepared"
],
[
"organised",
"organised"
],
[
"Motivated",
"motivated"
],
[
"raring",
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],
[
"eager",
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]
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},
{
"glosses": [
"Ready, prepared, organised:",
"Loyal, subservient, compliant."
],
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[
"Ready",
"ready"
],
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"prepared",
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[
"subservient",
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[
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},
{
"glosses": [
"Bound, going or ready to go."
],
"links": [
[
"Bound",
"bound"
],
[
"going",
"going"
],
[
"ready",
"ready"
],
[
"go",
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]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"On the brink of; about to."
],
"links": [
[
"On",
"on"
],
[
"brink",
"brink"
],
[
"about",
"about"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) On the brink of; about to."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Close by, adjacent."
],
"links": [
[
"Close",
"close"
],
[
"by",
"by"
],
[
"adjacent",
"adjacent"
]
],
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"(rare) Close by, adjacent."
],
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"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/buːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/boːn/",
"tags": [
"uncommon"
]
}
],
"word": "boun"
}
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"enm:Human behaviour"
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"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
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{
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{
"word": "bounen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of bounen"
],
"links": [
[
"bounen",
"bounen#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "boun"
}
Download raw JSONL data for boun meaning in Middle English (5.7kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''Ready, prepared, organised:'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"boun"
],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "boun",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.